Callaeum antifebrile is a South American jungle vine that is part of the ayahuasca complex. Some people claim that it is used instead of
B. caapi (though this hasn't been definitely established). At least one indigenous ayahuasca practitioner (Pablo Amaringo) says that it may be added to a brew in addition to
B. caapi and
P. viridis, but he used the outdated synonym
Mascagnia psilophylla which could refer either to
C. antifebrile or to the related
Callaeum psilophyllum. It has been reported to contain harmine.
This thread doesn't really need any additional work; there are some more sources to add, but I've already collected the crucial information; I'll add more of my notes as time allows. Right now I'm creating it to provide examples of what collaborative research contribution posts could look like.
Example of quality entries using the Data Input Template:
SourceAuthor(s): Adolfo Ducke
Year Published: 1943
Title: O cabí do Pará
Pages: 13-17
Journal: Arquivos do Servicio Forestal, Volume 2, Issue 1
Link/URL:
http://herbarium.lsa.umi...ALPpdf/Arq-Ducke1943.pdfInformationThis species is not rarely cultivated in and around the city
of Bélem, Pará, where it also occurs sometimes spontaneously
growing in hedges, etc. It is known under the name of "cabi",
like Banisteria caapi Spruce which also is here cultivated but
more rare. Both plants are used in popular medicine and sorcery,
but I do not know if the species I am now describing has
any narcotic propriety. If it has one, this is ignored by the people
of Pará which also ignores the strong narcotic proprieties of the
other "cabi", Banisteria caapi. The latter is the source of the famous
"capi" of the Brazilian state of Amazonas and of the
"yagé" or "ayahuasca" of the Amazonian parts of Colombia and
Peru, drunk by certain indians of the northwestern part of the
Amazon region.
The two "cabis" of Pará can casily be distinguished when
flowering or with fruits. Our new species bears yellow flowers
and large, thick, unwinged fruits; of Banisteria caapi, however,
the flowers are pale rosy, and the fruits have the form of small,
Iarge-winged samarae. Sterile plants can only be distinguished
by the consistence of the leaves, herbaceous in both species but
thiner in B. caapi than in the other.
SourceAuthor(s): Pablo Amaringo and Luis Eduardo Luna
Year Published: 1999
Title: Ayahuasca Visions: The Religious Iconography of a Peruvian Shaman
Publisher: North Atlantic Books, Berkeley, CA.
Link/URL:
InformationIn order for the purge to be effective, the pot must be made of clay, not aluminium
or other material. The vegetalista adds a handful of tobacco to make the mixture
boil, and any other ingredient he may usually add when he prepares the ayahuasca
purge. He can add two leaves of toe [Brugmansia sp.], or also two pieces of ground
motelo huasca [Bauhinia guianensis], or he may try the chicuro [Cyperus sp.] with
the
shillinto [Mascagnia psilophylla], with the puka-lupuna [Cavanillesia
hylogeiton, C. umbellata], or with the clavohuasca. But it is not always good to mix
in so many things. It's better to make it each time with the chacruna and, if he so
wishes, he may add another plant, always one at a time.
{Note that
Mascagnia psilophylla is an outdated synonym that can refer to either
Callaeum antifebrile or
Callaeum psilophyllum}
SourceAuthor(s): Schultes, R.E.
Year Published: 1957
Title: The identity of the Malpighiaceous narcotics of South America
Pages: 1-56
Journal: Botanical Museum Leaflets Harvard University, Volume 18, Issue 1
Link/URL: (botanicus.org)
Information"Niedenzu (59) published several very interesting
observations based on herbarium specimens
preserved in the Berlin Herbarium. These specimens are,
of course, no longer extant, but the notes are of special
importance because of the authenticity of the determinations
at the hand of an outstanding specialist in the
Malpighiaceae. The collection Tessmann 542A from Yarina
Cocha on the Rio Ucayali in eastern Peru represented,
according to Niedenzu, a mixture: leaves of
Mascagnia psilophylla (Juss.) Griseb. var. antifebrilis
(Ruiz & Pav.) Ndz. and, in a paquet attached to the
sheet, samaras of Banisteriopsis quitensis (Ndz.) Morton ;
on the label was annotated the vernacular name of hayawasca
or ayawasca and the observation "Stücke der Liane
gekocht, dann kalt genommen."
SourceAuthor(s): David M. Johnson
Year Published: 1986
Title: Revision of the neotropical genus Callaeum
Pages: 335-353
Journal: Systematic Botany, Volume 11, Issue 2
Link/URL:
http://herbarium.lsa.umi...ALPpdf/SB11-Callaeum.pdfInformation"Woody vine or climbing shrub 3-15 m high; stems glabrous or slightly sericeous, terete, olive-green to dull brown; pith white and spongy, or absent; interpetiolar ridges present. Lamina of larger leaves 9-16 cm long, 3.5-8.5 cm wide, lanceolate-ovate to ovate, cuneate or rounded at base, short- to long-acuminate at apex, sparsely sericeous below, soon glabrate, glabrous above, 0-8 abaxial glands borne at the margin toward the lamina base on either side; petiole 8-34 mm long, bearing minute stipules at base. Inflorescence compound, of 1-7 four-flowered umbels racemosely arranged, the floriferous shoots usually 2 per leaf axil; bracts 0.6-1.3 mm long; peduncle 3-7 mm long; bracteoles 1.0-1.7 mm long, opposite, glabrate, near peduncle apex. Pedicel 6-11 mm long, circinate in young buds, divergent in umbel. Sepals abaxially sericeous, the lateral 4 exceeding the glands by 0.6-1.1 mm, the glands ovate or oblong, 1.3-3.5 mm long. Petals abaxially sericeous, sometimes sparsely so, the 4 lateral ones 5.9-14.6 mm long, 4.2-9.8 mm wide; posterior petal 5.6-11.6 mm long, 3.3-7.3 mm wide, with a claw 0.4-1.5 mm wide forming ¼ to ½ of the petal length. Filaments 1.6-2.3 mm long, โ
-½ connate; posterior anthers three, 0.5 mm long, anterior anthers seven, 1.0-1.2 mm long; connectives convex and faceted. Styles 1.7-2.8 mm long, straight or slightly sinuous, sericeous at base, slightly expanded at apex. Mericarp 3-lobed, corky, 1.5-2.0 cm wide, the lobes ridged, occasionally bearing wings 1.0 cm high and 0.3-0.5 cm wide; intermediate winglets absent; ventral areole 8-10.5 mm high, 5-6 mm wide, ovate."
Sources cited in the above passages:
Ducke, A. 1943. O Cabi do Para. Arq. Serv. Florest. 2: 13-15
Schultes, R.E. 1982. The beta-carboline hallucinogens of South America. J. Psychoactive Drugs 14: 205-220.
Anderson, W.R. 1980b. Notes on Mascagnia in South America. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 14: 17-23
Anderson, W.R. 1981. The botany of the Guayana Highland - Part XI. Malpighiaceae. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 32:21-305.
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