..with reference to a query by
acacian in the info thread #918 and my
response..in particular step 2 below..
..to be completely sure that all alkaloids have been extracted the following should be done (but i don't mean usually..i mean to be certain in a serious quantifying experiment) ..and it should be noted that many published formal tests do not do the following:
1) even if cold extraction is the aim (i.e. to minimise artefacts) the material should be heat extracted at a last stage (e.g. boil 45 minutes) to see if this brings further alkaloids trapped in the material out..
2) the basic solution should be extracted with solvent at a few different pH 'windows'..e.g. first at pH 9, then brought to 11.5 and extracted, and then say 13.. [see '
zwitterionic' below]
..in
acacian's example mentioned earlier, one could easily reduce the pH again with a very small amount of dilute acid and extract again in order to resolve the query..
but, as i have said before, in my 'method' exact measurements are not as crucial as observation, intuition and understanding of concept in these techniques..
.
zwitterionic ..without going into deep chemistry charge theory, instructor
benzyme gives an example of what this means in the context of chromatography/extraction, from:
https://www.dmt-nexus.me...osts&t=16810&p=6 essentially it relates to charge states that a molecule will become polar or otherwise..there is a theoretical pH window which differs for each molecule at which it is most soluble in solvent.
.benzyme gave a graph example of [
Image 1 below] tyramine's charge distribution..and then [
Image2] the graph for n-methyl-tryptamine commenting
Quote:zwitterionic species is 4, and no charge is 1 (red and orange). as you can see, they max at pH 10.2, and are not relatively abundant.
..which simplified in this context means that 10.2 would be the pH window for nmt..dmt is perhaps a bit higher..but above
and below this pH less of the target alkaloid will be extracted..i don't actually have the figure for dmt handy..11.5 from memory/guess..but also, other compounds in a plant solution will take pH up and down with time..pH should be measured several times, especially some time after the basifying agent has been added..early high readings have been known to drop..many meters are not very accurately calibrated and in some ways trial and error, and instinct are more precise..
.
nen888 attached the following image(s):
chart.png
(11kb) downloaded 1,206 time(s). n-methyltryptamine z-graph_.jpg
(139kb) downloaded 1,213 time(s).